Holden Mine

Site Name

Primary: Holden Mine
Secondary: Howe Sound
Secondary: Irene

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Commodity

Primary: Copper
Secondary: Zinc
Secondary: Silver
Secondary: Gold
Tertiary: Arsenic
Tertiary: Molybdenum
Tertiary: Sulfur-Pyrite
Tertiary: Uranium
Tertiary: Nickel
Tertiary: Lead

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Location

State: Washington
County: Chelan
District: Chelan District

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Land Status

Land ownership: Mixed
Note: the land ownership field only identifies whether the area the mine is in is generally on public lands like Forest Service or BLM land, or if it is in an area that is generally private property. It does not definitively identify property status, nor does it indicate claim status or whether an area is open to prospecting. Always respect private property.
Administrative Organization: Patented and Forest Service

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Holdings

Type: Located Claim
Type: Patented

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Workings

Type: Underground

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Ownership

Owner Name: Howe Sound Mining Company
Info Year: 1943

Owner Name: Lutheran Church
Percent: 100.0
Info Year: 1978

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Production

Year: 1957
Mined: 148840.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .98 Cu .35 Zn Oz/Mt .064 Au .22 Ag 148840 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1956
Mined: 280710.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .87 Cu .12 Zn Oz/Mt .043 Au .16 Ag 280710 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1955
Mined: 361729.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .96 Cu .05 Zn Oz/Mt .045 Au .16 Ag 361729 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1954
Mined: 403419.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .8 Cu .06 Zn Oz/Mt .046 Au .14 Ag 403419 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1953
Mined: 393459.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .9 Cu .24 Zn Oz/Mt .04 Au .21 Ag 393459 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1952
Mined: 495119.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .82 Cu .27 Zn Oz/Mt .04 Au .2 Ag 495119 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1951
Mined: 499430.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .77 Cu .48 Zn Oz/Mt .043 Au .2 Ag 499430 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1950
Mined: 596589.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .8 Cu .64 Zn Oz/Mt .058 Au .25 Ag 596589 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1949
Mined: 569090.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% : .9 Cu .64 Zn Oz/Mt : .078 Au .3 Ag 569090 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1948
Mined: 551959.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :.98cu .78zn Oz/Mt : .08 Au .34 Ag 551959 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1947
Mined: 210610.000 mt
Description: Wt% :1 Cu .73 Zn Oz/Mt : .062 Au .3 Ag 210610 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1946
Mined: 445789.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :.9 Cu .6 Zn Oz/Mt : .076 Au .28 Ag 445789 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1945
Mined: 559840.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :1 Cu .67 Zn Oz/Mt : .078 Au .28 Ag 559840 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1944
Mined: 685899.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :.9cu .4zn .01pb Oz/Mt: .048 Au .2ag 685899 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1943
Mined: 653680.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :1.1cu .6zn .005pb Oz/Mt:.075au.27ag 653680 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1942
Mined: 649289.000 mt
Description: Wt% :1.2 Cu 1 Zn Oz/Mt :.08 Au .31 Ag 649289 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1941
Mined: 623549.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: Wt% :1.3cu .8zn .007pb Oz/Mt:.08au .31ag 623549 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1940
Mined: 623619.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: 1.45 Wt% Cu 1%Zn .09 Oz/Mt Au .34oz/Mtag 623619 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1939
Mined: 541559.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: 1.62 Wt% Cu, .1 Oz/Mt Au, .374 Oz/Mt Ag 541559 Metric Tons Ore/Year
Year: 1938
Mined: 337290.000 mt
Material type: ore
Description: 1.74 Wt% Cu, .1 Oz/Mt Au, .4 Oz/Mt Ag 337290 Metric Tons Ore/Year

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Deposit

Record Type: Site
Operation Category: Past Producer
Operation Type: Underground
Milling Method: Flotation
Year First Production: 1938
Year Last Production: 1957
Discovery Year: 1887
Discovery Method: Serendipity
Years of Production:
Organization:
Significant: N

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Physiography

General Physiographic Area: Pacific Mountain System
Physiographic Province: Cascade-Sierra Mountains
Physiographic Section: Northern Cascade Mountains

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Mineral Deposit Model

Model Name: Massive sulfide, kuroko

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Orebody

Form: Massive sulfide

Form: Tabular

Form: Lense

Form: Disseminated

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Structure

Type: L
Structure: Dikes

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Alterations

Alteration Type: L
Alteration: Silicification

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Rocks

Not available

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Analytical Data

Not available

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Materials

Ore: Silver
Ore: Gold
Ore: Sphalerite
Ore: Pitchblende
Ore: Malachite
Ore: Bournonite
Ore: Pyrrhotite
Ore: Scheelite
Ore: Chalcopyrite
Ore: Galena
Ore: Molybdenite
Ore: Chalcocite
Gangue: Quartz
Gangue: Pyrite
Gangue: Magnetite
Gangue: Calcite
Gangue: Sillimanite
Gangue: Sphene
Gangue: Garnet
Gangue: Epidote
Gangue: Biotite
Gangue: Chlorite
Gangue: Arsenopyrite
Gangue: Apatite
Gangue: Actinolite
Gangue: Pyrite
Gangue: Tourmaline
Gangue: Zircon
Gangue: Sericite

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Comments

Comment (Exploration): FROM 1954 TO 1957 DMEA EXPLORATION WORK WAS DONE ON THE MINE. THE 1500 LEVEL WAS EXTENDED EAST A DISTANCE OF 3800 FT, CUTTING 10 DDH STATIONS. 7965 FT OF DDH WAS DRILLED FROM THO SE 10 STATIONS. ALSO EXPLORATION ON THE 2500 LEVEL CONSISTED OF 5 CROSSCUTS TOTALING 1365 FT, 6 DD STATIONS, AND 7734 FT OF DIAMOND DRILLING. ONE HOLE 1385 FT IN DEPTH WAS DRILLED FROM THE SURFACE IN AN AREA 1000 M NW OF THE MINE. MINE IS DEVELOPED BY MORE THAN 56 MILES OF UNDERGROUND WORKINGS OVER A VERTICAL RANGE OF 2300 FT AND A LATERAL RANGE OF ABOUT 13000 FT. 1500 LEVEL AT AN ALTITUDE OF 1067M WAS THE MAIN HAULAGE LEVEL. SUPPORT OF GROUND ABOVE 1500 LEVEL WAS RARELY REQUIRED. GROUND BELOW THE 1500 LEVEL WAS ERRATIC, REQUIRING HEAVY SUPPORT IN PLACES AND NONE IN OTHERS. MINING METHOD WAS A MODIFIED FORM OF SUBLEVEL STOPING. PROPERTY CONSISTED OF 10 PATENTED AND 36 UNPATENTED CLAIMS.

Comment (Geology): THE ORE SHOOT IS 760M LONG, AND HAS MAINTAINED THIS LENGTH FROM THE SURFACE TO THE 2500 LEVEL. CU, ZN, AND AU MINERALIZATION ENDS AGAINST A MINOR DRAG FOLD WITH A STEEPLY DIPPING AXIS (60 E) CORRESPONDING TO THE PITCH OF THE ORE BODY. LARGE VOLUMES OF POST-ORE DIORITIC DIKES CUT THROUGH THE ORE. VEIN BELOW THE 2500 LEVEL SPLITS INTO 2 BRANCHES RESULTING IN HANGING AND FOOTWALL BODIES SEPARATED BY ANASTOMOSING DIKES.

Comment (Geology): ZONING ACROSS THE VEIN HAS THE FOLLOWING SEQUENCE FROM FOOT TO HANGING WALL/ FOOTWALL: PYRITE, SPHALERITE, PYRRHOTITE, M INOR GALENA AND SILVER. CENTER:PYRRHOTITE, CHALCOPYRITE, GOLD, BIOTITE HANGING WALL: PYRRHOTITE, PYRITE, BIOTITE, SERICITE. LONGITUDINAL ZONING SHOWS THE FOLLOWING SEQUENCE FROM THE CENTER OF THE ORE SHOOT TO THE EAST AND WEST PYRRHOTITE, CHALCOPYRITE, GOLD PYRRHOTITE, PYRITE, BIOTITE PYRITE, BIOTITE, SERICITE PYRITE, SERICITE

Comment (Reserve-Resource): FROM DMEA-3142(COPPER) REPORT. DATA GOOD TO DEPTH OF 3100 LEVEL. Q DATA REFERS TO FOOTWALL VEIN BELOW 2500 LEVEL. DATA IS FR OM DMEA-3142(COPPER) REPORT. DATA IS GOOD TO A DEPTH OF 310 O LEVEL. ORE LEFT IN THE UPPER PORTIONS OF MINE ABOVE THE 2500 LEVEL. THIS TONNAGE IS THAT OF THE 3 TAILINGS PILES. MICI=M2C3+M3C2+M4C1 MICI IS THE SUM OF THE HANGWALL VEIN MATRIX, THE FOOTWALL MATRIX, AND THE ORE LEFT BETWEEN STOPES ABOVE THE 2500 LEVEL.

Comment (Production): Production 9.1 million tons@ 1.06% Cu, 0.2% Zn, 6.9 g/t Ag, 2.1 g/t Au. Mine closed in 1957 because of high operating costs; an unknown amount of reserves/resources remain. Mostly disseminated ore, local massive ore. Stratigraphy is overturned. Assays: 0.2-0.16% Ni, 0.19% U3O8 equivalent in one sample.

Comment (Geology): Metamorphic rocks form roof of pendant cut by granitic dikes.

Comment (Geology): The deposit formed in an Island Arc to Back Arc Basin environment with deposition of both mafic and siliceous volcanic rocks. Nonvolcanic rocks including marble, are also prevalent near the mine (Nold, 1983, p. 945-948)

Comment (Analytical Data): Mill feed averaged 1.45% Cu, 0.09 oz/ton Au, 0.34 oz/ton Ag, 1.02% Zn (1940), and 0.78% Cu, 0.44 oz/Ton Au, 0.213 oz/ton Ag, 0.48% Zn (1951).

Comment (Geology): From a DEP_ID 10008470 (deleted) Ore body appears to be overturned. Deposit is a metamorphosed massive sulfide.

Comment (Deposit): From a DEP_ID 10008470 (deleted) MRDS records W017896, D001386, US53009 have been merged with this record and deleted

Comment (Development): From a DEP_ID 10008470 (deleted) 2,200 ton mill. More than 250,000 ft of workings in drifts, crosscuts, raises. Also nearly 150,000 ft core drilling

Comment (General): Consolidated information from DEP_ID 1005520, 10055843, 10008470

Comment (Geology): The ore body is lens shaped and has a length downdip of about 2000 feet and a thickness of as much as 100 feet. The zoned orebody ranges from a zinc-rich footwall to a copper-rich hanging wall, indicating the orebody is overturned. Foliation of the schist parallels the bedding (Nold, 1983, p. 945-948).

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References

Reference (Deposit): MINING WORLD. SAFETY AND RECREATION FACILITIES AND PROGRAM OF THE HOLDEN MINE. VOL. 2, NO. 9, 1940, 15-17.

Reference (Production): WASHINGTON STATE DEPT. OF ECOLOGY. CONFIRMED AND SUSPECTED CONTAMINATED SITES REPORT, OCT. 13, 1993.

Reference (Geology): CATER, F.D., 1967, GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE HOLDEN QUADRANGLE, SNOHOMISH AND CHELAN COUNTIES, WASHINGTON: USGS GEOLOGIC QUADRANGLE MAP GQ-646, 1 SHEET, SCALE 1:62,500.

Reference (Geology): NORTHWEST MINING. BUILDING THE CHELAN MILL. DEC. 1, 1938, PP. 9-13.

Reference (Geology): DU BOIS, ROBERT LEE, 1954, PETROLOGY AND GENESIS OF THE ORES OF THE HOLDEN MINE AREA, UNIV. OF WASH. PHD THESIS, 222 PP.

Reference (Geology): WATSON, D. W., 1957, ORE LOCALIZATION AT THE HOLDEN MINE, CHELAN COUNTY, WASH., WASH STATE UNIV. M. S. THESIS, 43 PP.

Reference (Geology): YOUNGBERG, E. A., AND WILSON, T. L. GEOLOGY OF THE HOLDEN MINE. ECON. GEOL., VOL. 47, NO. 1, 1952, PP. 1-12.

Reference (Workings): MINING WORLD. POWDER-BLAST MINING AT THE HOLDEN MINE. VOL. 2, NO. 6, 1940, PP. 2-7.

Reference (Workings): MINING WORLD. POWDER BLASTING PRACTICE AT THE HOLDEN MINE. VOL. 2, NO. 7, 1940, PP. 11-16.

Reference (Geology): WILLIAMS, E. P., 1941, STOPING WITH DIAMOND DRILL BLAST HOLES AT THE HOLDEN MINE, UNIV. OF WASH THESIS.

Reference (Geology): YOUNGBERG, E. A. DRILLING BLASTHOLES AT THE HOLDEN MINE WITH PERCUSSION DRILLS AND TUNGSTEN CARBIDE BITS. AIME TECH PUB. 2558, MIN. ENG., VOL. 1, NO. 3, 1949, PP. 75-78

Reference (Geology): SODERBURG, R. L. MINING METHODS OF THE HOLDEN MINE, HOWE SOUND CO., CHELAN DIVISION, HOLDEN, WASH. BUREAU OF MINES INF. CIRC. 7448, 1948, 27 PP.

Reference (Deposit): Stotelmeyer, R.b., Johnson, F.L., McHugh, E.L., Federspiel, F.E., Denton, D.K., Jr., and Stebbins, s.A., 1982, Mineral investigat5ion of the Glacier Peak Wilderness and adjacent areas, Chelan, Skagit, and Snohomish Counties, Washington: U.S. Bureau of Mines MLA OFR 89-82.

Reference (Geology): ZANADVOROFF, U. A. DISPOSAL OF MILL TAILINGS AT THE HOLDEN CONCENTRATOR. AIME TECH PUB. 1989, MIN TECHNOL., 1946, PP.1-8

Reference (Geology): MCWILLIAMS, J. R. MINING METHODS AND COSTS AT THE HOLDEN MINE, CHELAN DIVISION, HOWE SOUND CO., CHELAN CO., WASH., U.S. BUREAU OF MINES INF. CIRC. 7870, 1958, 43 PP.

Reference (Geology): NEWMAN, J. M. LONGHOLE DRILLING RAISES SUCCESSFUL AT HOLDEN. MIN. ENG., VOL. 3, NO. 10, 1951, PP. 857-859

Reference (Workings): PHILLIPS, W. S., AND SODERBURG, R. L. THE HOLDEN METHOD OF LOADING DIAMOND DRILL BLAST HOLES. MINING WORLD, VOL. F, NO. 1, 1945, PP. 11-13.

Reference (Workings): CURZON, J. J. MINING METHODS USED AT THE HOLDEN MINE. MIN. CONG. JOUR., VOL. 27, NO. 3, 1941, PP. 10-17.

Reference (Workings): MINING WORLD. DIAMOND-DRILL BLAST HOLE MINING AT HOLDEN. VOL. 6, NO. 6, 1944, PP. 17-23.

Reference (Geology): CURZON, J. J. ROCK DRILLING PROGRESS AT HOLDEN. MIN. CONG. JOUR., VOL. 35, NO. 11, 1949, PP. 35-38.

Reference (Geology): HUTTLE, J. B. SOME UNDERGROUND CHANGES AT THE HOLDEN MINE. ENG. MIN. JOUR., VOL. 150, NO. 4, 1949, PP. 84-87.

Reference (Workings): ENGINEERING AND MINING JOURNAL. DIAMOND DRILLING AS APPLIED TO ORE PRODUCTION. VOL. 147 NO. 1, 1946, PP. 58-64.

Reference (Workings): CURZON, J. J., CHANGING MINING METHODS AT THE HOLDEN MINE. TRANS. AIME VOL. 163, 1945, PP. 73-95.

Reference (Geology): MINING WORLD. ZINC RECOVERY IN THE HOLDEN MILL. VOL. 6, NO. 10, 1944, PP. 15-18.

Reference (Geology): PEARSE, H. A., AND ZANADUOROFF, F. A. HOWE SOUND'S NEW HOLDEN MILL. ENG. MIN. JOUR., VOL. 140, NO. 11, 1939, PP. 31-34.

Reference (Geology): Dames & Moore, 1999, Draft Final Remedial investigation report, Holden Mine site, volume 1A - Report: Dames & Moore prepared for Alumet, Inc., 1,567 p.

Reference (Deposit): Derkey, R.E., Joseph, N.L., and Lasmanis, Raymond, 1990, Metal mines of Washington - Preliminary report: Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources Open File Report 90-18, p. 13

Reference (Geology): Cater, F.W., 1982, Intrusive rocks of the Holden and Lucerne quadrangles, Washington - The relation of depth zones, composition, textures, and emplacement of plutons: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1220, 108 p.

Reference (Deposit): Huntting, M.t., 1956, Inventory of Washington Minerals Part II, Metallic Minerals: Washington Division of Mines and Geology Bulletin 37, v. 1, 428 p.; v.2, 67 p.

Reference (Geology): Nold, J.L., 1983, The Holden Mine, a metamorphosed volcanogenic deposit in the Cascade Range of Washington: Economic Geology v. 78, no. 5, p. 944-953.

Reference (Deposit): HUTTLE,J B HOWE SOUND'S HOLDEN MINE NEARS PRODUCTION. ENG MIN. JOUR., VOL. 139, NO. 1, 1938, PP. 32-35.

Reference (Deposit): NORTHWEST MINING. CHELAN COPPER. DEC. 1, 1938, PP. 7-8.

Reference (Deposit): Mosier, D.L., Berger, V.I., and Singer, D.A., 2009, Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits of the world; database and grade and tonnage models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1034 [http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1034/].
URL: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1034/

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